A carbon Steel Plate has usually been considered as the steel that does not contain much alloy steel elements, also named as mild steel. Generally, elements are C, Mn, P, S, Si, besides these, there are no minimum limits for elements of Al, Cr, Ni, Mo, V, etc.
Carbon steel plates are available in different grades depending on the carbon content and strength.
As the content of Carbon increase, the steel plate hardness increases.
Low carbon steel plate: For carbon content 0.06% to 0.25%, also we call it Mild Steel Plate.
Medium carbon steel plate: C content from 0.25% to 0.55%.
High carbon steel plate: 0.55% to 1.0%, also called hard steel plate.
Low carbon steel is the most common form, and it's very malleable and ductile. Medium carbon steel balances ductility as well as strength for excellent wear resistance. High carbon steel is exceptionally strong, while ultra-high carbon steel can be tempered to even greater hardness but no malleability.
As the percentage of carbon gets larger, steel can become harder and stronger through heat-treating. Carbon steel is usually heated to change the mechanical properties of steel, usually ductility, hardness, strength, and resistance of impact. Increasing the carbon content of carbon steel makes it harder and stronger, but reduces the steel`s ability to be welded, making it more brittle.
Carbon steel plate is most often used for structural purposes such as buildings, yet it has the flexibility to be worked into ornate designs. Low carbon steel sheet (wrought iron) is typically used for fences, chain links, gates, and railings. Structural steel (medium carbon steel) is used in cars, refrigerators, washing machines, buildings, and bridges. The steel sheets are normally made up of medium carbon steel.
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November 23, 2009, for Man Group CEO Hakan Samuelson, is a black Monday. On this day, he formally submitted a resignation report to the German truck manufacturer Man Group , ending his five-year governing career.
It was at this time that the Man Group was immersed in the whirlpool of bribery investigations. At the beginning of the investigation, some people predicted that with the deepening of the investigation, there will be more senior officials of the Manchester Group . Is Samuelson's resignation related to the case of bribery?
Blame the case of bribery
Samuelson is suspected of accepting bribes, which must be discussed from the bribery case itself.
When investigating the Siemens bribery case, Greek prosecutors discovered that the joint venture between Manchester Group and Siemens in Athens was also suspected of bribery. From mid-May 2009, the German Prosecutor's Office in Munich began to investigate the commercial bribery of the Man Group in seven countries including Germany, Italy, Libya, Algeria, Luxembourg, Greece and Norway.
According to preliminary investigations, Neoplan, a wholly-owned company of the Man Group in Greece, sold 130 large passenger vehicles to the Greek state-owned company ILAP in 2002. During the period from 2000 to 2003, the contract with the Ministry of Defense of Greece amounting to 21 million euros was involved in commercial transactions. bribe.
According to the German "Der Spiegel" report, the Munich Prosecutor's Office seized evidence of bribery in the business when a raid was conducted to examine the Man Group office and the three staff residences. One of the three employees surveyed came from the top of the group and was a member of the management committee of MAN Commercial Vehicles Co., Ltd., and served as the company’s head of sales for the German region. They allegedly paid illegal commissions to a middleman between 2002 and 2005. In addition, a suspicious fee was remitted to Poland, Greece and Turkey. In these three countries, the Man Group has received large orders.
In the investigation, the police suspected that the Manchester Group may also have an internal bribery network similar to Siemens. Previous facts have also shown that such large-scale acts of bribery have existed for a long time, and that the senior management of the group cannot be completely unaware of it, or that even if they do not explicitly instruct, there is a de facto "default." On the same day as the German police launched a large-scale investigation, Samuelson issued an open letter to all employees of the company, stating that he must fully defend the company's reputation.
However, after a few months, Samuelson resigned. Samuelson did not explain why he resigned, but Man Group stated in the statement: “Samuelson hopes that his departure function will help the Man Group quickly devote all his energy to the core business and future development. He is convinced that the company’s top management should have A new beginning.†The prosecutor’s news spokesperson who participated in the investigation also stood up and clarified for Samuelson that Samuelson was not the suspect of the bribery investigation.
Piech's ambition
Isn’t bribery what is the reason for Samuelson’s resignation? Maybe we can find some reasons from another side.
For Samuelson's departure, "The Wall Street Journal" believes that this will help Ferdinand Piech to promote the merger of Mann and Scania. The chairman of the Volkswagen Group and Chairman of the Man Group Board of Directors never censured the ambitions of the Volkswagen, Mann, and Scania Trucking Union. He expects to include Man and Scania in the public's brand system as a way to surpass Toyota as a world leader. The largest car manufacturer.
Currently, Volkswagen already owns approximately 30% of Mann and 70% of Scania's shares. In order to further integrate its trucking business, in early 2009, Volkswagen sold Brazil's truck and passenger car business to Man Group, and hopes to increase its shareholding in Man Group and integrate Scania.
After the integration with Man 's business , the merger between Volkswagen and Scania has been difficult. According to German media reports, Piech was dissatisfied with the slow progress of the integration of the three companies.
Informed sources said that Piëch believes that the merger takes too long, and that each delay will weaken the synergies brought about by the merger. He believes that the merger will save three companies in the R & D, administration and other aspects of the investment in trucks and engines are expected to reach 1 billion euros in fees. The current heavy truck market demand is low, and the tripartite merger is particularly important, so Piech has tried his best to accelerate the completion of the merger.
It is reported that Man is considered to be the main responsible for the slow merger. Analysts said: "Piesh wants to use this opportunity to eliminate Samuelson, to remove the obstacles on the road of the merger between Man and Scania. Samuelson stressed the independence of Man in the past, and his departure will increase both sides The possibility of consolidation under the control of the public."
An untimely acquisition
Perhaps Samuelson is really reluctant to achieve a tripartite merger, but ironically, it was he who first broke ice in 2006 and set off an acquisition of Scania.
In 2006, Man proposed the acquisition of Scania. At that time, Mann holds 13% of Scania's shares, while the public holds 17.7% of Scania's shares and 36% of the voting shares. An analyst who has been reporting on the truck industry for a long time said: "At the time, Samuelson tried to buy the Scania shares held by the public with the support of Piech."
However, Volkswagen then allowed Samuelson to experience the pain of a "backyard fire." After Mann announced his willingness to purchase Scania, Volkswagen immediately purchased more shares of Mann in October, which resulted in the total share of Mann's holdings reaching 15.06%. In January 2008, Volkswagen continued to increase its shareholding in Man. At this time, Mann’s shareholding has risen to 29.9%. At the same time, Volkswagen also accelerated the pace of increasing its stake in Scania. On March 3, 2008, Volkswagen announced the completion of the acquisition of Scania, becoming the largest shareholder of Scania, obtaining 38% of its shares and 68.6% of voting shares.
The acquisition action not only promoted Scania's involvement in the public, but also received close to 30% of the shares of Man . This change has caused Samuelson to lose his right to speak in the process of creating a coalition and has also caused him to lose interest in it.
Therefore, after the failure of the acquisition of Scania, Samuelson shifted his focus to other areas. On January 1, 2009, Mann bought VW’s commercial vehicle business in Brazil and has now established Mannairi. In the same year, it obtained a share of China’s CNHTC . On July 14, 2009, it announced two subsidiaries – Mann. The Diesel Engine Company and Man Turbomachinery will further strengthen their cooperation and eventually merge to form Man Power Engineering. In this series of restructuring, Man became the third largest truck manufacturer in the world after Daimler and Volvo .
The masses did not want to let Man himself develop and broke the alliance plan. The investigation of bribery became the best reason why Piech eliminated Samuelson. Samuel Sen after the resignation of its board Steering Committee engine company immediately appointed head of Georg Pachta-Reyhofen as CEO transition period, instead of the previous optimistic about the outside world Man Man Group Chief Financial Officer Karlheinz Hornung and commercial vehicles Anton Weinmann, chief executive officer of the company. The two also made the same choice after a few days of Samuelson’s resignation.
Now that Samuelson has left, whether or not he can achieve a truck alliance will depend on which of the two sides in the new round of competition between Piech and Scania's chief executive Osterlin.